Introduction: Being born prematurely is a threat to survival and the subsequent quality of life ICDDR,B Health and Science Bulletin published in March 2006 reported that prematurity and low birth weight contributes to 27.8% of neonatal deaths in rural areas of Bangladesh Premature infant are at increased risk of developing dehydration or over hydration. Therefore, high index of suspicion, prompt recognition and thorough understanding of common electrolyte abnormalities are necessary to improve neonatal outcome. The investigation of renal function in pretenn neonate is complicated because of continuing renal development, rise in creatinine is transient and may not be clinically significcmt. Serum creatinine is most widely used marker of renal function in adults and children but its validity as a marker of GFR/ renal function is doubtful a few studies have been conducted on assessment of renal function and electrolytes in the context of prematurity in Bangladesh. But it seems to be essential for immediate management for planning appropriate fluid and electrolyte therapy and thereby for improved outcome. Information was collected who gave consent and participated in the study willingly. The sample size was 50. Duration of data collection was approximately 6 (Six) months.Patients admitted to the Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College and hospital and after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria a simple random sampling technique was applied for selecting the sample patients. Total 50 pretenn LBW neonates fulfilling the inclusion criteria were studied during this study period. Mean creatinine level was .82 mmoKrange was 0.40-1.90 mg/d1. Abnormal electrolytes were documented in 20(40%) pretenn LBW neonates of which hyperkalemia was the predominant electrolyte abnormality found in 8(16.0%) neonates, hyponatremia was found in 7 (14.0%), hypokalemia in 3 (6.0%) and hypernatremia 2 (4.0%). In the present study 20 of preterm LBW babies have electrolyte abnormalities. Hyperkalemia was found in 8(16.0%) babies in this study from above findings it is evident that prematurity causes transient renal impairment, in preterm neonates which is inversely related to gestational age. Renal impairment should be suspected if the serum creatinine rises or fails to show normal post-natal fall. It was observed that electrolyte abnormalities are common in preterm LBW neonates and transient renal failure also occurs in a large number of preterm LBW babies. So, identification of renal failure and associated electrolyte abnormalities and proper management of fluid and electrolytes and close monitoring are important.