Association and Outcome of ABO-Rh Blood Group among 294 COVID-19 Patients admitted in A Dedicated Hospital

DOI: https://doi.org/10.47648/jmsr.2022.v3201.01

Perveen RA1 , Nasir M2 , Pervin S3 , Zahan T4 , Farha N5

Abstract

Aim: The rapid global spread of the novel corona virus SARS-CoV-2 has strained healthcare and testing resources, making the identification and prioritization of individuals most at-risk became a critical challenge. Recent evidence suggests blood type may affect the risk of severe COVID-19.Method: In this cross-sectional observational study, among 1348 admitted patients in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College who tested positive for RT-PCR, 294 patients were included with known blood type to assess the association between ABO and Rh blood types and demographic profile, co-morbidities, clinical outcomes, and changes in the biomarkers. Result: among 294 patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19, the mean age was 48 to 49 years. Out of all patients, 211 were male, and 83 were female, with a ratio of 1: 2.54. The highest numbers of patients were between 50-59 years. The highest percentage of diabetic patients were present in the AB blood group (54%), and hypertensive patients in the O and Rh-negative blood group (40.29%, 60%) which were statistically not significant. Other than that, COPD, IHD, and CKD were observed. Symptoms of patients were categorized as inflammatory and neurological. Shortness of breath (52.41%), fever (38.43%), and cough (28.23%) were observed among inflammatory symptoms, which were statistically significant and lethargy (16.25%) was only remarkable neurological involvement. Among all ABO blood groups, 'A' blood group of patients, present with a higher percentage of both inflammatory and neurological symptoms. Among the Rh blood group, Rh-negative patients did not present with diarrhea, sore throat, lethargy, anosmia, and loss of taste. Changes in biomarkers levels were also observed in all blood groups. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients with blood group A or B are at increased risk of disease severity with the highest number of co morbidities and symptoms compared with patients with blood group O or AB.

Keywords: COVID-19, ABO blood group, Rh-positive, Rh-Negative.


  1. Assistant Professor of Pharmacology

    Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

  2. Professor and Head of Pharmacology

    Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

  3. Associate Professor of Pharmacology

    Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

  4. Assistant Professor of Pharmacology

    Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

  5. Assistant Professor of Pharmacology

    Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.


Volume 32, Number 1 January 2022
Page: 44994